Gone are the days when a tyre’s duty was to only cover a wheel’s rim in order to protect it from touching the surface. Nowadays, a modern vehicle tyre has got more to do than just ‘rolling around’ as they have evolved as one of the magnificence of progressive engineering. Tyres have to deal with many real time challenges such as sudden braking, absorbing shocks due to abrupt potholes, guiding safely around an unwanted obstacle, etc. Moreover, these days vehicles come equipped with safety features like Anti-lock Brake System (ABS), Traction and Stability control, which solely depend on the quality and condition of the vehicle tyres. So let’s learn more about different types of tyres and their benefits and advantages in various conditions.
Off-road Tyres
The most appropriate choice when it comes to off-road driving conditions in India. They are offered in many sizes and various tread patterns by the leading tyre makers in the country. Hence, if you are a frequent adventure buff these tyres are here for your car/SUV. Switching to specific tyres for every off-road trip can be a laborious task every time and can also burn a hole in your pocket; hence, some off-road tyres are devised in such a way that they can be used in our day-to-day routine city driving. Usually, off-road tyres are noisy, carry inadequate grip levels and wear early compared to normal tyres. Furthermore, as harsh off-road conditions demand altogether different traction, these tyres are provided with special tread patterns and are formulated with a different compound.
Mud Tyres
Mud terrain tyres or simply mud tyres are usually an aftermarket fitment option especially available for the four-wheel drive vehicles. They are illustrated by thick chunky tread pattern designed to excel in muddy surfaces to provide required traction. The large tread blocks, which are divided by broad and deep grooves actually stops the mud from entering and sticking to the tread, while with the ample rotation of tyres the mud that has clutched in the grooves gets chucked away. These tyres are generally not recommended for on-road use due to their bare design alongside they tend to create a lot of noise and vibration at highway speeds.
Sand Tyres
The sand tyres or sand paddle tyres are primarily employed in off-road vehicles and are purposely designed for use in dry sand and mud. They are patterned in a different way compared to normal tyres and consist of large rubber paddles sequentially arranged and placed on a smooth rubber core. Such tyres usually comprise of smaller tread blocks, which are divided by numerous narrow grooves called sipes. The grip depends upon the density of the sipes as more sipes help in better traction over the loose dry mud or sand. Commonly, sand paddle tyres are offered for motocross bikes, All Terrain Vehicles (ATVs), sand-rails and 4X4 mechanism vehicles.
All-Terrain Tyres
The all-terrain tyres are mostly found on Sports Utility Vehicles (SUVs) and other four-wheel drive vehicles. They share a bit of resemblance when compared to mud and sand tyres, and come with similar size and arrangement of tread blocks. Practically, these tyres are not meant to provide good grip on loose surfaces like sand, and can easily get choked in mud. Besides this, they also have abundant sipes to counter wet weather conditions. One of the plus points with all-terrain tyres is that they can be driven on paved roads, however, at the same time they are noisy and are unable to resist on high speed cornering and braking especially on the highways.
Cross ply tires
Cross ply tyres, also known as bias tyres, have reinforcing plies put together in erect position on the plain surface of the tyre, which provides perfect rigidity to the sidewalls. As a result, with nearly no elasticity, the ride quality and cushioning goes for a toss. On the other hand, with their solid sidewalls, cross ply tyres are highly unaffected by the hard or sharp objects encountered on the road surface. These types of tyres find it hard to be mounted on single piece rims because of their hard sidewalls and hence are fitted to somewhat narrow split rims. With such tautness, cross ply tyres are unable to soak up the bumps and undulations on the ground, consequently, all the blow and quaking is endured by the driver, passengers and vehicle.